Muhammad Usman, Dr. Sadiq Ali* and Qaisar Bilal 2025. The Sharʿīʿah Concept of Sale before Taking Possession (Bayʿ Qabl al-Qabḍ) in Commercial Transactions and a Fiqhī Analysis of Its Applications on Digital Platforms. `. 4, 02 (Dec. 2025), 2383–2393.