Ayesha Yaseen; Mukhtar Ahmed; Muhammad Nadeem Akhtar; Dr. Muhammad Naushad Sabzwari; Sidra Batool (Corresponding Author); Hafiz Muhammad Ijaz; Muhammad Waqas; Ghulam Farid; Misbah Jabeen. Beyond Technology Adoption: Examining Institutional Barriers to Digital Transformation in Higher Education Libraries of Punjab, Pakistan. ASSAJ 2026, 5, 6619-6636.