The Role of Tauhidic Epistemology in Traditional And Modern Pakistani Society: A Contemporary Analysis

Abstract

Tauhidic epistemology, grounded in the Islamic principle of Tauhid (the oneness of Allah), provides a holistic framework for understanding knowledge, reality, and human existence. In Pakistani society, this epistemological worldview has historically shaped social norms, moral values, education, and collective identity. This paper examines the role of Tauhidic epistemology in both traditional and modern Pakistani contexts, analyzing how it continues to influence thought patterns, cultural practices, and societal structures amid rapid modernization and globalization. The study explores the tension and interaction between traditional religious knowledge systems and modern secular epistemologies introduced through colonial legacies, contemporary education, and digital media. By adopting a contemporary analytical approach, the paper highlights how Tauhidic epistemology functions as a unifying moral and intellectual foundation, while also facing challenges such as fragmentation of knowledge, identity crises, and value conflicts in modern Pakistani society. The analysis argues that a renewed engagement with Tauhidic epistemology can contribute to ethical coherence, social harmony, and intellectual integration by bridging the divide between faith-based and modern knowledge systems. Ultimately, the study underscores the relevance of Tauhidic epistemology as a dynamic and adaptable framework for addressing contemporary social, educational, and cultural challenges in Pakistan.

Keywords: Tauhidic Epistemology; Tauhid; Islamic Worldview; Knowledge Systems; Pakistani Society; Tradition and Modernity; Religion and Society; Cultural Identity; Modernization; Ethics.