Evaluation of Anticancer, Antioxidant and Anti-diabetic activity of Silver Nanoparticles using leaf extract of Grewia asiatica

Abstract

Diabetes and cancer are two severe, multifaceted, and long-lasting diseases.  Each year, diabetes mellitus and cancer claim the lives of about 11 million individuals. Recently, metal-based nanoparticles (MNPs), which were produced utilizing plant extracts in an ecologically benign way, have appeared as a superior choice for the management of these deadly illnesses. The current study investigated the antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anticancer properties of greenly generated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and Grewia asiatica Linn (G. asiatica), a leaf extract from the Malvaceae family. The results indicate the color transition of the DPPH solution from purple to yellow, with the crude extracts exhibiting robust antioxidant activity (78.68% ± 0.02) and the nanoparticles demonstrating even higher activity (81.62% ± 0.02) against DPPH. Furthermore, with IC50 values of 177.3 μg/ml, 99.8 μg/ml, and 73 μg/ml, respectively, AgNPs efficiently prevent the development of human breast (MCF-7), cervical (HeLa), and liver (HepG2) cancer cells at exceptionally low doses. Additionally, the AgNPs exhibited superior anti-diabetic activity, as demonstrated by alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase inhibition assays (85.03% ± 0.02 and 75.15± 0.01 accordingly). AgNPs were therefore shown to be a potent α-glucosidase inhibitor, a free radical scavenger, and an efficient medicinal substance that targets human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7). To determine the nanoparticles' anticancer and antidiabetic actions, further research is necessary.

Keywords: Grewiaasiatica, alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, MTT assay.