Late Regionalization Era: A Birth of Urban Settlements in Indus Civilization

Abstract

Indus valley civilization is unique in its nature, complexity and setup. The theories models and concepts have been applied to understand the insights of development and change. The general accepted begins with the Early Food Producing Era of 6500 BCE, followed by the Regionalization Era of 4000-2600 BCE following the Integration Era 2600 to 1900 BCE in which Indus cities boomed. Was it a sudden and rapid boom or a gradual growth. Was it the result of External diffusion from Mesopotamia; Hydraulic despotism and Militaristic municipal formation. This debate centers on important changes in settlement organization and sociopolitical development occurred around 4000 to 2600 BCE of the Regionalization Era.

In present paper, the latter part of the Regionalization Era is explored and hence termed as the “Late Regionalization Era (LRE)”. The proposed dates for this era have been assigned as 2800-2600 BCE. This particular phase paralleled with Kot Dijian “B” which is a time when all preconditions for cultural developments and changes were fulfilled and cities boomed in Indus Valley. Thus, present paper explores how the urbanism in reality grew and expended throughout Indus Valley.

Key Words: Regionalization, Preconditions, Urbanism, Sociopolitical, development, Indus Civilization