The Impact of Islamization on Pashtun Society: A Case Study of District Loralai, Balochistan

Abstract

Islamization in Pakistan, especially during General Zia-ul-Haq’s regime (1977–1988), reshaped social, cultural, and political life. In Pashtun society, tribal codes such as Pashtunwali interacted with Islamic reforms, altering leadership, education, gender roles, and conflict resolution. This study focuses on District Loralai, examining how madrassas, mosques, mullahs, and religious parties transformed traditional structures. Using qualitative method, field observations, interviews, and secondary sources, the research explores localized effects of Islamization on identity, authority, and daily life. Findings contribute to understanding how Islamization reshaped tribal societies and inform policy and educational reforms in Balochistan.

Keywords: Islamization, General Zia-ul-Haq, Pashtun society, Pashtunwali, District Loralai, Madrassas, Mosques, Mullahs, Religious Parties

Keywords: Islamization, General Zia-ul-Haq, Pashtun society, Pashtunwali, District Loralai, Madrassas, Mosques, Mullahs, Religious parties