FEDERALISM IN PAKISTAN

Abstract

This research evaluates the structure of federalism in the three constitutions i.e. 1956, 1962 and 1973 of Pakistan. The research adopted historical and analytical method to describe and analyses the federal structure in Pakistan. Almost all of the political parties of India were demanding for federal form of government before Independence. Thus the Act of 1935 provided a defective structure of federation. After independence the same Act was adopted by Pakistan as Interim constitution. Later on, Pakistan in its own constitutions adopted federal form of government but all these carry out the less criteria of federalism and it operates most like a unitary system of government. The 18th amendment to the constitution of 1973 could be regarded as step towards inclusive and democratic federalism in Pakistan. The federal issues in Pakistan stem from a complex interplay of centralization tendencies, economic disparities, specific regional demands, and inter-provincial disputes. Resolving these issues will require concerted efforts from the central government to address provincial concerns, promote equitable development, and strengthen the institutions meant to facilitate federal cooperation.

Keyword:

Federalism, Elections, Constitution, Centre, Relations, Provincial Autonomy, 18th Amendment