THE OBJECTIVES OF PUBLIC WELFARE IN LIGHT OF ISLAMIC TEACHINGS AND THE INTERRELATION OF ZAKAT AND CHARITY

Abstract

Islamic teachings place a strong emphasis on public welfare, advocating for a just, compassionate, and inclusive society that caters to the needs of its members. This paper examines the objectives of public welfare within the Islamic framework, particularly through the principles of zakat (obligatory almsgiving) and sadaqat (voluntary charity). Zakat, one of the Five Pillars of Islam, serves as a structured and essential means of financial redistribution, aiming to reduce poverty, mitigate wealth inequalities, and uplift economically marginalized groups. This obligation is designed not only to provide immediate relief to the poor but also to support social structures that encourage self-reliance and dignity. On the other hand, sadaqat, as voluntary charity, encourages continuous benevolence, strengthening social bonds and fostering a culture of generosity and mutual assistance within the community. Together, zakat and sadaqat operate synergistically to promote socio-economic equilibrium, social justice, and moral integrity within society. The study explores how the interplay between zakat and sadaqat contributes to fulfilling broader objectives of Islamic welfare, such as the reduction of economic disparities, empowerment of the underprivileged, and the encouragement of community responsibility. By fulfilling these objectives, Islamic welfare aims to create a society where individuals and families can thrive with dignity and stability, without fear of economic deprivation. Ultimately, zakat and sadaqat are presented as practical implementations of Islam's vision for social welfare, enhancing both individual character and collective prosperity, and laying the foundation for a sustainable, compassionate society.

Keywords: Public Welfare, Islamic Teachings, Zakat, Sadaqat, Charity, Social Justice, Wealth Redistribution, Poverty Alleviation, Economic Equality, Compassion, Community Responsibility, Sustainable Society