RESTRICTIONS, BANS, AND CULTURAL RESISTANCE: A STUDY OF PASHTO LANGUAGE AND CULTURAL MOVEMENTS IN PAKISTAN

Abstract

This research paper delves into the systemic suppression of the Pashto language and culture in Pakistan, exposing the far-reaching consequences of state policies, educational practices, and media representation on the Pashtun people. Through a critical analysis of historical and contemporary data, this study reveals a disturbing decline in the use of Pashto, perpetuation of cultural inferiority, and marginalization of the Pashtun community. The findings highlight the ways in which state policies have actively promoted other languages at the expense of Pashto, educational institutions have failed to provide adequate support for Pashto language instruction, and media representation has perpetuated negative stereotypes and omission of Pashtun culture.

This research paper argues that the erosion of Pashto language and culture is not merely a natural process of cultural evolution but rather a consequence of deliberate policies and practices that have undermined the Pashtun identity. The study recommends a comprehensive set of policy reforms, educational reforms, media representation, and community engagement strategies to promote the preservation and revitalization of Pashto language and culture. By shedding light on the systemic suppression of Pashto, this research aims to spark a critical conversation about language rights, cultural preservation, and social justice in Pakistan.

Key Words:  Restrictions, Bans, Cultural Resistance, Pashto Language, Pakistan