Zoonotic Implications of (Borrelia Burgdorferi sensu lato) in Camel (Camelus Dromedarius) Populations: Molecular Surveillance and Risk Factors Modelling in Semi-Arid Regions of Pakistan

Authors

  • Nadeem Raza Para Veterinary Institute Karor Lal Eason Layyah Sub Campus, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
  • Aneela Zameer Durrani Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
  • Hadia Mubeen Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore, Pakistan
  • Muhammad Rizwan Multan College of Veterinary Sciences, Multan University of Science and Technology, Multan Pakistan
  • Sabah Mansoor Department of Allied Sciences, University of Home Economics, Lahore, Pakistan
  • Nargis Ambreen Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore
  • Abdul Aziz Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
  • Faisal Rasool Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
  • Muhammad Khurram Multan College of Veterinary Sciences, Multan University of Science and Technology, Multan Pakistan
  • Rustam Ali Balouch Multan College of Veterinary Sciences, Multan University of Science and Technology, Multan Pakistan

Abstract

The main goal of this study was to find out if Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is present in camels from two areas of Punjab, Pakistan. We collected a total of 405 samples from these areas. Gathered information on things that might increase the risk of infection. We used a test to look at the 16S rRNA gene and found that 3.70% of the samples were positive for B. burgdorferi s.l. This means that out of 405 camels, 15 had the infection. When we looked at the genes of the infected camels, we found that they were similar to but not the same as genes from infected animals. We also found that some things, like the age, type, and sex of the camel and whether or not it had ticks, were linked to the infection. This study is the first to show that B. burgdorferi s.l. is present in camels in Pakistan. Our findings suggest that camels might be able to carry and spread the infection to animals and humans.

Keywords: Camel, B. Burgdorferi S.L., Risk Factors, PCR, And Phylogenetic Analysis.

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Published

2026-03-31

How to Cite

Nadeem Raza, Aneela Zameer Durrani, Hadia Mubeen, Muhammad Rizwan, Sabah Mansoor, Nargis Ambreen, Abdul Aziz, Faisal Rasool, Muhammad Khurram, & Rustam Ali Balouch. (2026). Zoonotic Implications of (Borrelia Burgdorferi sensu lato) in Camel (Camelus Dromedarius) Populations: Molecular Surveillance and Risk Factors Modelling in Semi-Arid Regions of Pakistan. `, 5(01), 2657–2664. Retrieved from https://assajournal.com/index.php/36/article/view/1565

Issue

Vol. 5 No. 01 (2026): Advance Social Science Archive Journal

Section

Articles